Cultivator’s most commonly face problem with following diseases:-
1. Bacterial wilt :
a) Bacterial wilt is caused by
Pseudomonas solanacearum.
b) Symptom occurs on leaf surface.
c) Yellowing of the leaf foliage, wilting, stunting and finally collapse of the entire plant are the characteristics and symptoms the disease.
Managements:-
a) Use plant resistant and tolerant variety.
b) If infection occurs then spray 2%
copper based fungicides.
c) Fields should be kept clean and
all infected parts are to be collected and burnt immediately.
2. Leaf spot:
a) Caused by Cercospora solani/ Alternia
solani
b) Leaf spots are occurring as chlorotic
lesions later turn into grayish-brown.
c) Infected leaves drop off prematurely, resulting in reduced fruit yielding.
Managements
a)
Disease
can be managed by growing resistant varieties.
b)
Spraying
1% Bordeaux mixture when infection occurs.
c)
Or
you may use 2 gm copper oxychloride or 2.5 gm Zineb.
3. Damping off / collar rot:
a) Caused by Pytium/Phytopthora/Rhizoctonia/
Sclerotium.
b) Disease spreads through fungi
present in the soil.
c) The seedlings are attacked at the collar region and attacked seedlings are toppled down.
Management:
It
can be control by seed treatment with any broad-spectrum fungicide.
4. Tobacco Mosaic Virus :-
a) Infected leaves are deformed,
leathery and small.
b) Mosaic molting leaves and stunting of plants
occur.
c) Infection transmitted by soil
debris, clothes and hands of labour.
d) Main host are cucurbits, legumes, pepper,
tobacco, tomato and weeds.
Managements:
a) Destroy all weeds of field and
seed beds.
b) Do not plant cucumber, pepper,
tomato, tobacco near brijal seed beds and field.
c) Maintain hygiene before working with
seed beds.
d) Prohibit smoking and chewing tobacco during working on fields and seed beds.
e) Spray insecticides like Dimethote/ Metasytox to control the insect vectors.
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